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( 1)

Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743 in Albemale County,Virginia. When he was 14, he inherited his father's estate and slaves. Soon after, Jefferson attended the College of William and Mary.

In 1769, when he was just 26, Jefferson was elected to the Virginia House of Representatives. In 1772, Jefferson began building his home, Monticello. In 1770, he married Martha Wayles Shelton.

As a member of the second Continental Congress,Jefferson drafted The Declaration of Independence. In 1779, he was elected as governor of Virginia. Although he resigned in 1781, during his term as governor, Jefferson wrote the famous Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom. Jefferson's writings also formed the basis of the Ordinances of 1784,1785, and 1787. From 1785-1789, Jefferson served as minister to France. In 1789, George Washington appointed him Secretary of State.

Due to political differences concerning the role of the government with other cabinet members, Jefferson resigned as Secretary of State in 1793. Jefferson soon ran for president, but was defeated in 1796 by John Adams. Nevertheless, he was appointed vice president. Although Jefferson and Aaron Burr received equal electoral votes for presidency, Jefferson was elected president by the House of Representatives in 1800. During Jefferson's term, both the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition occurred. Jefferson served two presidential terms. He later established the University of Virginia. He died on July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of The Declaration of Independence. Coincidentally, John Adams died on the same day.

1. What did Thomas Jefferson get from his father?

A. Political ideas.

B. A lot of documents.

C. Slaves and estate.

D. Nothing.

2. Which of the following documents was Thomas Jefferson not involved with?

A. Declaration of Independence.

B. Statute on Religious Freedom.

C. Ordinance of 1784.

D. Ordinance of 1786.

3. Why did Thomas Jefferson resign as Secretary of State?

A. There were political differences between cabinet members.

B. He was about to be president.

C. He had to write The Declaration of Independence.

D. He was fired.

4. Which of the following did Thomas Jefferson not serve as before he was president?

A. Vice president.

B. Governor.

C. Senator.

D. Secretary of State.

5. Which of the following events happened last?

A. Jefferson was elected president.

B. Jefferson founded the University of Virginia.

C. The Lewis and Clark Expedition.

D. John Adams died.

( 2)

Twenty years ago, kids in school had never even heard of the Internet. Now, I'll bet you can't find a single person in your school who hasn't at least heard of it. In fact, many of us use it on a regular basis and even have access to it from our homes! The "net" in Internet really stands for network. A network is two or more computers connected together so that information can be shared, or sent from one computer to another. The Internet is a vast resource for all types of information. You may enjoy using it to do research for a school project, downloading your favorite songs or communicating with friends and family. Information is accessed through web pages that companies, organizations and individuals create and post. It’s kind of like a giant bulletin board that the whole world uses! But since anyone can put anything on the Internet, you also have to be careful and use your best judgment and a little common sense.

Though you read something on a piece of paper someone sticks on a bulletin board, it doesn't mean it's good information, or even correct, for that matter. So you have to be sure that whoever posted the information knows what they're talking about, especially if you’re doing research! But what if you're just emailing people? You still have to be very careful. If you've never met the person that you're communicating with online, you could be on dangerous ground! You should never give out any personal information to someone you don't know, not even your name! And just like you can't believe the information on every website out there, you can't rely on what strangers you "meet" on the Internet tell you either. Just as you could make up things about yourself to tell someone, someone else could do the same to you!

6. Several computers can be connected together by the Internet so that____________.

A. people can see each other

B. information can be shared and sent freely

C. you can read newspaper

D. you can create anything you like

7. You should be careful when you are surfing online because____________.

A. some of the information may not be true or right

B. some people may give you the wrong information

C. some information may do harm to you

D. all the above

8. When you are emailing people, you____________

A. need not worry because it is completely safe

B. should never let others know your name

C. should never give out any personal information to a stranger

D. can trust them and tell them anything

9. What does the author think of the Internet?

A. Everything has two sides; so is the Internet.

B. The Internet is dangerous and harmful.

C. The Internet is wonderful because it helps people do a lot of things.

D. The Internet is boring and dull.

10. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A. Internet and I.

B. The Development of Internet.

C. Internet Safety.

D. The Information Age.

( 3)

A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply—all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. But they were not enough. Something else was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special" was men— creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.

The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working so that his findings can be used.

An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has an actual use. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through correct and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training in science might not have made their inventions if a ground work had not been laid by scientists years before.

11. Which of the following is NOT the important factor that helped England to be the center of the Industrial Revolution?

A. Natural resources.

B. Location.

C. Money.

D. Advanced technology.

12. "Something special" in the first paragraph refers to ____________.

A. scientists

B. machines

C. inventors

D. workers

13. A pure scientist ____________ .

A. cares mainly about his research rather than put them into practice

B. works hard to make his findings useful in daily life

C. is only interested in applied science

D. reports his findings accurately

14. How would an inventor solve a problem?

A. By doing research.

B. By experimenting time after time.

C. By reading different books.

D. By working on a specific machine.

15. Without____________, the inventors might not make great contributions.

A. the Industrial Revolution

B. the advantages of England

C. the ground work done by scientists

D. machines and light bulbs

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