倒装结构

◆全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。

此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.铃响了.

There comes the bus.车来了.

Here is your letter.

2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语用表示运动的动词。

Out rushed the boys!男孩们冲了出去.

Away went the girl.那女孩走了.

注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Here he comes.　　 Here you are.

◆部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。

经典考点:助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 + 实义动词

以下情况需要部分倒装:

◇ 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

注意：

如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance.

⊕真题实战:Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know

答案D.看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。

◇ 以否定词组开头句子需要部分倒装, 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than

Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.

(注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。)

Not only you but also I am fond of music.

Hardly had she got married when her true love came back from the battlefield.

她刚结婚,她心爱的人就从战场回来了.

⊕真题实战:No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began　　　　　 B.　has the game begun

C. did the game begin

D.　had the game begun

答案D.

◇only在句首要倒装的情况

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

◇

so, neither, nor作部分倒装

表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

真题实战:

---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

---I don't know, _____.

A. nor don't I care　B. nor do I care　C. I don't care neither　D. I don't care also

答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

◇

其它部分的倒装

1)　 so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。

So frightened was she that she did not dare to move an inch. 她吓的动也不敢动.

2)　在某些表示祝愿的句型中：

May you all be happy.

3)　在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

例: Were I you, I would try it again.

真题实战：

1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

A. man did know　 B. man knew　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know

答案为D.　否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize　　B. did I realize　　C. I didn't realize　D. I realize

答案为B。