If I were a boy again, I would cultivate courage. 假如我回到了童年,我将培养勇气.

If hopes were horses, beggars would ride. 如果愿望是马,乞丐也会有马骑.

2.对过去的虚拟

条件状语从句的动词形式

主句的动词形式

If+主语+had+过去分词

I(we) should+ have+过去分词

主语+would(might, could)+have+过去分词

If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.

例:If the whole operation____ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A.was not planned B.has not been planned

C.had not been planned

D.were not planned

3.对将来的虚拟

条件状语从句的动词形式(三种)

主句的动词形式

⑴If+主语+动词过去式(be的过去式用were),通常要与一个表示将来的时间状语连用(tomorrow)

⑵If+主语(任何人称和数)+should+动词原形

⑶If+主语(任何人称和数) +were +to动词原形

I (we) should+动词原形或主语(任何人称)+would(might,could)

+动词原形

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

◇混合虚拟语气

主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主﹑从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)

If I were you, I would have gone home. 如果我是你,我早就回家了.

◇虚拟语气的倒装

虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，

再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。

Were they here now, they could help us.

→If they were here now, they could help us.

Had you come earlier, you would have met him

→If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

If you should fail, try again.→ Should you fail, try again.

真题演练:

[04-6]_________your advice yesterday, I would have missed the train.

A. Had I not taken

B. If I didn`t take

C. If I haven`t taken

D. Provided I didn`t take

◆考点——固定结构中的虚拟语气

◇It is (high) time that+过去式

It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。

It is time that the children went to bed.

It is high time that the children should go to bed.

◇If only句中的虚拟语气

If only he were here!

If only I knew more!

If only I had taken his advice!

区别: only if表示"只有";if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。

I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung.　　　当时闹钟要是响了，就好了。

If only he comes early.　　　　　　　但愿他早点回来。

◇在would (just )as soon

(宁愿)would sooner (宁愿)would (just) rather (宁愿)后的宾语从句中，从句谓语用一般过去时来表示现在或将来要做的事情，若谈及过去的动作，用过去完成时。其后不加that。.

I`d rather I were in the rain now.

Don’ t always make noise. I’ d rather you kept silent.

◇在in case, for fear that, lest等引导的状语从句中，意为“以免”，从句要用虚拟语气。构成should+动词原形，should也可以省略。

Take an umbrella with you in case it (should) rain.

◇在表示建议,要求,命令等意思的动词(request, require, demand, advise, suggest, propose, recommend, command, order , desire, insist,)后面的宾语从句中, 谓语动词用should+动词原形(should可以省略,that不能省略)

He suggested that we (should) have a meeting.

The commander ordered that the bridge(should) be bombed.

◇表示建议,请求,命令动词在以下结构中(主语从句)“It is suggested/required/request/ordered/advised/insisted/demanded that……”用虚拟语气. 构成

It was suggested that he (should) attend the conference.

It was requested that the trial (should) be reported openly.

◇在以下结构中(主语从句)

It is important/necessary/strange/desirable/advisable/better/essential/vital

/imperative(必须的)that…句型中.that引导的从句用虚拟语气，should可以省略,that不能省略.

It is essential that there should be enough food and clothing for the winter.

It is desirable that your wedding be postponed until next July.

◇

as if/as though或even if/even though引导的从句中的虚拟语气,

如果从句中表示的动作发生在过去,则谓语动词用had+过去分词形式;

如果指的是现在的状况,则用过去式;

指将来则用would(should, could)+动词原形.

这里只看从句动作发生的时间,与主句的时态没有关系.

He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in the U.S.

She looks as if/though she were ill.

He would not resign even if the heaven should collapse.(倒塌)